Grey Literature and Professional Knowledge Making

International audienceWhat does grey literature mean? What role does it play in the production and dissemination of practitioner knowledge? How do reports, presentations and communications, working papers and other un-published material contribute to professional, extra-academic knowledge making? The following paper tries to provide some elements for a better understanding of grey literature, with examples from different collections and disciplines. Moreover, it puts the focus on critical issues like standards, identifiers and quality, and it discusses the impact of open science, i.e. the movement to make scientific research, data and dissemination accessible to all levels of an inquiring society, amateur or professional

Sleep and temperament in early childhood

Sleep and temperament represent key behaviours in early childhood that reflect underlying individual constitutional differences and influence each other, and many developmental processes over time. This chapter aims to provide the reader with a basic understanding of the early childhood temperament field including definitions, history, and measurement issues. An overview of the key findings in regards to early sleep behaviours and temperament interactions across the first five years of life is provided, and the important role of the parenting environment is briefly explained. While there remain a number of challenges to overcome in the field, two key areas are further developed here. Future work should aim to increase our understanding about why early sleep and temperament are linked, and about the mechanisms involved in transactional developmental systems involving sleep, temperament, genes, and the parenting environment. Multi-disciplinary and creative modelling approaches will be needed to advance the field which should seek to create translatable research findings for the early childhood health and education sectors. Research should contribute to identifying children at the highest risk of ongoing sleep and social-emotional adjustment problems, and address these with appropriately targeted prevention and intervention strategies that support parents, educators, and health practitioners in their roles